Autism Spectrum Disorders are generally not “curable” and on-going management is required over an individual’s lifetime. Outcomes for an individual with autism are variable. As a child with ASD grows his/her behavioral characteristics will change, so will his/her needs.
Research has shown that early identification of an ASD and resulting early intervention may result in much better long term outcomes for an individual with an ASD. The following important principles in intervention are suggested by the American Academy of Pediatrics:
- Beginning intervention as soon as an ASD diagnosis is seriously considered, rather than waiting for a definitive diagnosis.
- Intensive intervention of at least 25 hours per week, 12 months a year.
- Low child to professional ratio with substantial amount of 1:1 intervention.
- Parent training as part of the child’s programming.
- Opportunities for interaction with typical peers.
- Ongoing measurement and adjustment of the child’s progress and adjustments in programming when indicated.
- Structured programming that incorporates predictable routine and visual supports.
- Strategies to assist with generalization of skills.
- Functional skill intervention that help a child increase independence and responsibility.
- Teaching skills that focus on improving cognitive skills, play skills, academic readiness and social skills.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends evidence based interventions that are backed in research. Suggested interventions include Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA), Structured Teaching (the TEACCH method), developmental models (such as Floor Time or Relationship Development Intervention [RDI]), speech and language therapy, social skills instruction and occupational therapy.
Medical management may also be needed for an individual’s unique health needs. Some children with ASD suffer from seizures. Some children have difficulty with reflux, constipation or other intestinal issues. Some children have difficulty with sleep initiation or staying asleep. In some cases other challenging behaviors can be medically managed. Repetitive behaviors, ADHD like behaviors, aggression, self-injurious behaviors or anxiety can be treated with medications. If you have questions about the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders, please call the Rosenberg Center at 651-636-4155.